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Louis Francois Marie Aleno de Saint Aloüarn (25 July 173827 October 1772) was a notable French mariner and explorer. St Aloüarn was the first European to make a formal claim of sovereignty — on behalf of France — over the west coast of Australia,〔Godard 1999, pp. 8-9; Stanbury 1998; Stanbury 1999, p. 1.〕 which was known at the time as "New Holland". While indigenous Australians had lived there for thousands of years, the European empires of the early modern era frequently did not recognise the sovereignty of indigenous peoples. Much of the west coast had already been charted by mariners from the Netherlands, following a landing by Dirk Hartog in 1616, who left a commemorative plate recording his visit. James Cook, in 1770, had charted and claimed the east coast for Britain. When St Aloüarn visited New Holland in 1772, neither British nor Dutch officials had issued a formal claim over the western part of New Holland. However, the French claim over Western Australia was never secured by a permanent settlement. ==Early life and military career== St Aloüarn's parents were François Marie Guénolé Pantaléon d’Aleno and Marie Josèphe Pélagie de Quillien, both members of the aristocracy. He was born at Saint-Aloüarn, near Guengat, Brittany. The family, including St Aloüarn's father, a history of service in the French Navy and St Aloüarn joined the ''Gardes de la Marine'' in 1754.〔Stanbury 1999, p. 5.〕 As a naval cadet, he joined his uncle, René de Rosmadec St Aloüarn, on the 74-gun warship ''Espérance''.〔 In November 1755, as it returned from a campaign off Canada, ''Espérance'' was attacked and captured by HMS ''Orford'' and HMS ''Revenge''. St Aloüarn and his uncle became prisoners of war and were held in England for two years, before they were returned to France.〔 Because of his bravery under fire, St Aloüarn was promoted to ensign. The war continued and St Aloüarn was posted to Martinique on the 74-gun ''Défenseur''.〔 His father and uncle were both killed when the ''Juste'' was destroyed in 1759, at the Battle of The Cardinals (also known as the Battle of Quiberon Bay).〔Godard 1999, p. 8; Stanbury, 1999, pp. vii, 5.〕 During 1759–62, St Aloüarn served in France on smaller vessels and on shore.〔 In 1761, he married Marie Jeanne Corentine Drouallen, with whom he had a daughter and three sons.〔Godard 1999, p. 8; Stanbury 1999, p. 5.〕 Between 1762 and 1767, St Aloüarn served on the 116-gun ''Royal Louis'' and the frigate ''Infidèle'', at Martinique and Brest.〔 He was promoted in 1763 to lieutenant. St Aloüarn took command of the storeship ''Ecluse'' in 1767, followed by the ''Aber Wrac'h'' in 1770.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louis Aleno de St Aloüarn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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